Salesforce Ant Package.xml Metadata Types

package.xml file used to retrieve metadata using ANT from salesforce sandbox.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Package xmlns="http://soap.sforce.com/2006/04/metadata">
    <!--Apex Classes-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>ApexClass</name>
    </types>
<!--Apex Component-->
<types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>ApexComponent</name>
    </types>
<!-- Apex Page -->
<types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>ApexPage</name>
    </types>
<!-- Custom Application-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>CustomApplication</name>
    </types>
<!-- Custom tab -->
<types>
        <members>Employee__c</members>
        <name>CustomTab</name>
    </types>
  <!--Apex Triggers-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>ApexTrigger</name>
    </types>
  <!--Custom Fields-->
    <types>
        <members>Account.ABC__c</members>
        <members>Account.Territory_Codes__c</members>
        <members>Account.Level_1__c</members>
        <members>Account.Level_2__c</members>
        <members>Opportunity.ABC__c</members>
        <members>Opportunity.Level_1__c</members>
        <members>Opportunity.Level_2__c</members>
        <name>CustomField</name>
    </types>
  <!--Custom Labels-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>CustomLabels</name>
    </types>
  <!--All Custom Objects-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>CustomObject</name>
    </types>
  <!--Reports-->
    <types>
        <members>Chatter_Usage_Dashboards/Chatter_Usage_Dashboard</members>
        <members>CompanyDashboards</members>
        <members>CompanyDashboards/Opportunity_Dashboard</members>
        <members>CompanyDashboards/Opportunity_Dashboard_1</members>
        <members>CompanyDashboards/Opportunity_Dashboard_for_Logged_In_User</members>
        <members>CompanyDashboards/Opportunity_Summaries</members>
        <members>CompanyDashboards/Platform_Review_Dashboard</members>
        <members>CompanyDashboards/Platform_Review_Dashboard_11</members>
        <members>CompanyDashboards/Product_Manager_Dashboard</members>
        <members>CompanyDashboards/Test_Oppty_Dashboard</members>
        <name>Dashboard</name>
    </types>
  <!--Document-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>Document</name>
    </types>
  <!--Shared Documents-->
    <types>
        <members>SharedDocuments</members>
        <name>Document</name>
    </types>
  <!--Groups-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>Group</name>
    </types>
  <!--Permission Sets-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>PermissionSet</name>
    </types>
  <!--Profiles-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>Profile</name>
    </types>
  <!--Remote site settings-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>RemoteSiteSetting</name>
    </types>
  <!--Reports-->
    <types>
        <members>unfiled$public/SampleReportofOpportunities</members>
        <members>unfiled$public/SampleReportofReports</members>
        <members>unfiled$public/User_Login_History_Last_60_Days</members>
        <members>unfiled$public/Users_by_Profile</members>
        <name>Report</name>
    </types>
  <!--Sharing Rules-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>SharingRules</name>
    </types>
  <!--Static Resources-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>StaticResource</name>
    </types>
 <!--Validation rules-->
    <types>
        <members>Opportunity.Phone_number_required</members>
        <members>Contact.Valid_email_address</members>
  <members>User.Phone_number_required</members>
        <members>User.System_Admins_Require_Reason</members>
        <name>ValidationRule</name>
    </types>
 <!--Workflow-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>Workflow</name>
    </types>
 <!--List Views-->
 <types>
        <members>Account.AccountTeam</members>
        <name>ListView</name>
    </types>
 <!--Security Settings-->
 <types>
        <members>Security</members>
        <name>Settings</name>
    </types>
 <!-- Assignment rules-->
 <types>
        <members>Case.samplerule</members>
        <members>Lead.newrule</members>
        <name>AssignmentRule</name>
 </types>
 <!--EmailTemplate-->
 <types>
        <members>unfiled$public/Test_Notification</members>
        <members>EmailTemplates/InquiryPortal</members>
        <name>EmailTemplate</name>
 </types>
 <!-- HomePageComponent -->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>HomePageComponent</name>
    </types>
 <!-- HomePageLayout -->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>HomePageLayout</name>
    </types>
 <!--CustomPageWebLink -->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>CustomPageWebLink</name>
    </types>
<!--Layout -->
    <types>
        <members>Account-Account Layout</members>
        <name>Layout</name>
    </types>
<!--ReportType-->
    <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>ReportType</name>
    </types>
<!--Weblink-->
    <types>
        <members>Contact.SelectTitle</members>
        <name>WebLink</name>
    </types>
<!--QuickAction-->
   <types>
        <members>*</members>
        <name>QuickAction</name>
    </types>

<!-- Sharing Rule -->
    <types>
        <members>Account.*</members>
        <name>SharingCriteriaRule</name>
    </types>
    <types>
        <members>Account.*</members>
        <name>SharingOwnerRule</name>
    </types>
<!-- Workflow Actions -->
<types>
        <members>ObjectName.WorkFlowName</members>
        <name>Workflow</name>
    </types>
    <types>
        <members>ObjectName.FieldUpdateName</members>
        <name>WorkflowFieldUpdate</name>
    </types>
    <types>
        <members>ObjectName.FieldUpdateName</members>
        <name>WorkflowAlert</name>
    </types>
    <types>
        <members>ObjectName.FieldUpdateName</members>
        <name>WorkflowOutboundMessage</members>
    </types>
    <types>
        <members>ObjectName.FieldUpdateName</members>
        <name>WorkflowRule</name>
    </types>
    <types>
        <members>ObjectName.FieldUpdateName</members>
        <name>WorkflowTask</name>
    </types>
 <!-- Retrieve Aura components/Lightning Components into Ant -->
 <types>
<members>ComponentName</members>
        <name>AuraDefinitionBundle</name>
 </types>
 <version>41.0</version>
</Package>

To Retrieve Aura Components or Lightning Components into the Ant Backup or Ecllipse use "AuraDefinitionBundle"

 <types>
<members>ComponentName</members>
        <name>AuraDefinitionBundle</name>
 </types>

Reference Links :

https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.api_meta.meta/api_meta/manifest_samples.htm
https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.api_meta.meta/api_meta/meta_types_list.htm